A reversible cellular automaton is a cellular automaton in which every configuration has a unique predecessor. This paper deals with the cellular automata ca in cryptography for a class of block ciphers through a new block encryption algorithm based on reversible programmable cellular automata theory. Received 2 november 20 received in revised form 6 april 2014 accepted 6 april 2014 available online 5 may 2014. The work presents a new encryption algorithm based on one dimensional, uniform and reversible cellular automata ca. The behavior complexity of ca and their parallel nature makes.
In ca the problem space into number of cell and each cell can be one or several final state. Specifically, based on the tshaped neighborhood structure, we generate some two order reversible rules and then set the plaintext as the final configuration of a 4layer ca. Cryptographic properties of bipermutive cellular automata rules alberto leporati. Pdf the work presents a new encryption algorithm based on one dimensional, uniform and reversible cellular automata ca. Complexity of the behavior achieved by ca and its parallel nature makes them interesting from point of view of cryptography. In the authors used reversible cellular automata to implement block encryption algorithm. Two common ones are the second order cellular automaton and the block cellular automaton, both of which involve modifying the definition of a cellular automaton in some way. A new block cipher based on one dimensional, uniform and reversible ca is proposed. Cellular automata are highly parallel and discrete dynamical systems, whose behaviour is completely specified in terms of a local relation. Cryptography, reversible cellular automata, block ciphers. Cells are affected by neighbors with the application of simple rule.
In 10 an authenticated image encryption scheme based on chaotic maps and memory cellular automata mca has been proposed. User authentication based on quantumdot cellular automata. Stream ciphers have been extensively studied and many designs were proposed throughout the years. On the design of stream ciphers with cellular automata having radius 2 anita john rohit lakra jimmy jose received. Initial initial implementation of the stream cipher is done using matlab tool to analyze its functionality and security. We use these results to develop a working key generation algorithm for a publickey cryptosystem based on reversible cellular automata originally conceived by kari. Encryption based on reversible secondorder cellular automata. A nonlinear cellular automata based stream cipher sandip karmakaryand dipanwita roy chowdhury indian institute of technology, kharagpur, wb, india lfsr and nfsr are the basic building blocks in almost all the state of the art stream ciphers like trivium and grain128. While generating and studying chaotic patterns with help of linear additive 2d cellular automata rules, we observed recovery of data block under study in the forward periodic iterations. Ca rules as boolean functions a onedimensional cellular automaton ca consists of two things. Block cipher based on reversible cellular automata citeseerx. A block based cryptosystem is presented and shown to provide security against both active and passive attackers by the way of a strong authentication mechanism.
The proposed algorithm belongs to the class of symmetric key systems based on block cipher. The proposed algorithm belongs to the class of symmetric key systems. All that changed in the early 1980s when physicist stephen wolfram in a seminal paper, statistical mechanics of cellular automata, initiated the. A new block cipher based on one dimensional, uniform and. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves. Cellular automata computations and secret key cryptography was proposed by f. We propose an evolutionary computation approach to design a fast and secure block cipher using nonuniform secondorder cellular automata.
A new iterative secret key cryptosystem based on reversible. Block cipher based on reversible cellular automata was proposed by m. A class of ca with ruler specifically constructed to be reversible is used. Block cipher based on reversible cellular automata core. Block cipher based on reversible cellular automata springerlink. Block cipher based on reverse cellular automata reverse cellular automata ca is reversible if its map is invertible rule 15 retrograde and 180 degree rotation rule 85 let 1 0. The most widely known example is the gameoflife by john conway.
A tweakable cipher is proposed using secondorder reversible cellular automata. Their work ensures to generate 2 256 encryption and decryption algorithm using two dimensional cellular automata rules in cryptography 19. In this section, we provide definitions relating ca and cryptographic properties. In this paper cellular automata ca are applied to construct a sym metrickey encryption algorithm. Cryptography with cellular automata wolfram discussed a stream cipher based on 1d circular ca with n cells the security of a cryptographic system is based on the seed value of a time sequence of cell values. Cryptography, wmsn, cellular automata, reversible cellular automata, kamar, feistel block cipher, key scheduling algorithm, fpga 1. Reverse iteration encryption scheme using layered cellular. The cellular automaton consists of a circular register with n cells, each having a value ai equal to o or i. Citeseerx block cipher based on reversible cellular automata.
Theory and applications of cellular automata in cryptography s. Block cipher based on reversible cellular automata. We build a flexible block ciphering model that permit the construction of a huge space of possible instances defined each one by a. A parallel encryption algorithm for block ciphers based on. Applications of two dimensional cellular automata rules for. A novel way to provide fast authenticated and randomized encryption is proposed using reversible cellular automata for the first time. Blockcipher scheme based on back iteration of the 2d. Implementation of aes using reversible cellularautomata based. Keywords cellular automata sbox cryptographic properties heuristics 1. A cellular automata based partition ciphering system. In this respect the use of cellular automata ca with their parallel, simple, regular and modular structure is very promising. Programmable cellular automata based efficient parallel aes.
Novel and efficient cellular automata based symmetric key. However, excessive communication requirements act as a trade off problem for this method. We also give a brief specification of the grain128 stream cipher. Still the study of cellular automata lacked much depth, analysis, and applicability and could not really be called a scienti. Reversible cellular automata a reversible cellular automata rca is a cellular automata for which each state has at most one predecessor given any current state it is possible to trace it back to its initial state an rca can be implemented that does not require any cooling or energy in theory the rules could be implemented using fredkin gates. Cryptanalysis of an involutional block cipher using cellular. We use cellular automata and use a timearea tradeo for these designs. Then we focus our attention to one of the few public key systems based on cellular automata in existence, proposed by kari. A novel encryption system using layered cellular automata. Concept of cellular automata cellular automata ca1 is a collection of cells and each cell change in states by following a. Block encryption using reversible cellular automata. Index terms ce l u ar a tom ta ca, reversible cellular automata rca, layered cellular automata, symmetric key, encryption. Cryptography, wmsn, cellular automata, reversible cellular automata, kamar, feistel block cipher, key scheduling algorithm, fpga. Security is a critical factor in every communication system in this world.
This proposed work generates block cipher by using 2d cellular automata based secret key rule. The cryptosystem is featured by its large key space and high speed due to cellular automata s parallel information processing property. Abstract we introduce a new encryption algorithm based on reversible cellular automata ca. Cryptography with cellular automata stephen wolfram the institute for advanced study, princeton nj 08540. Cryptographic properties of bipermutive cellular automata. So far proposed cryptosystems based on ca use iterations of binary, 1d ca. Applications of two dimensional cellular automata rules for block cipherin cryptography special issue of ijcct vol. We analyze karis proposal by giving a more detailed description. A parallel blockbased encryption schema for digital images. This cipher is found to be suitable to address the criteria involved in avalanche property.
In this article we present a new symmetrickey block cipher based on a specific class of reversible. A selfinvertible ca based structure allows for an efficient hardware implementation. The block cipher defines a pseudorandom permutation with a supplementary tweak. A novel image encryption algorithm using chaos and.
A new block cipher system using cellular automata and ant colony optimization bccaaco. This paper analyzes the insecurity of the cipher due to its conjugate property. Cellular automata based sboxes cryptology eprint archive. Encryption and decryption algorithm using two dimensional cellular automata rules in cryptography sambhu prasad panda, madhusmita sahu, umesh prasad rout, surendra kumar nanda. This paper focuses on security analysis of the scheme 10 and reports the. Pattnaik, application of cellular automata in symmetric key cryptography, 2014 international conference on communication and signal processing. A class of ca with rules specifically constructed to be reversible is used. Introduction security is a critical factor in every communication system in this world. A fast cryptosystem using reversible cellular automata said bouchkaren department of mathematics and computer science. Special types of cellular automata are reversible, where only a single configuration leads directly to a subsequent one, and totalistic, in which the future value of individual cells only depends on the total value of a group of neighboring cells. Aes, fpga, encryption, decryption, rijndael, block cipher, reversible cellular automata sbox 1. November 1985 extended abstract this abstract discusses a stream cipher based on a simple onedimensional cellular automaton. However, a number of attacks are mounted on these type of ciphers. Cellular automata based on block cipher and road traffic.
Their combined citations are counted only for the first article. We show that, under certain technical assumptions, a marker cellular automaton has a unique inverse with a given neighbourhood. Pal chaudhuri abstractthis paper deals with the theory and application of cellular automata cai for a class of block ciphers and stream ciphers. Reversible cellular automata based encryption m seredynski, k pienkosz, p bouvry ifip international conference on network and parallel computing, 411418, 2004. Block cipher based on reversible cellular automata researchgate. In this paper cellular automata ca are applied to construct a symmetrickey encryption algorithm. Public key algorithms are based on mathematical functions. Pdf a parallel encryption algorithm for block ciphers.
In 2006, an involutional block cipher using cellular automata was proposed. That is, it is a regular grid of cells, each containing a state drawn from a finite set of states, with a rule for updating all cells simultaneously based on the states of their neighbors, such that the previous state of any cell before an update can be determined uniquely from the. Encryption and decryption algorithm using two dimensional. Later, many scholars proposed encryption algorithms based on cellular automata. The proposed block cipher is simpler to implement in both hardware and software, along with being resistant against timing. Several techniques can be used to explicitly construct reversible cellular automata with known inverses. Cryptanalysis of an authenticated image encryption scheme. Cryptography reversible cellular automata block ciphers. Design of fast onepass authenticated and randomized. The proposed cipher is used to construct a parallelizable images encryption system. First, the plaintext is divided into blocks, the principal secret key is given randomly by a rst irreversible cellular automaton, and then a number of sub keys are generated and used for each iteration to cipher each block with a reversible cellular automata. We extend the block cipher algorithm, based on the backward iteration and forward iteration of socalled toggle ca rules to twodimensions.
A parallel blockbased encryption schema for digital. The nonlinear block made use of ca based nonlinear generators with ca based mixing among them. Pdf block cipher based on reversible cellular automata. This paper deals with the cellular automata in cryptography for a class of block ciphers through a new block encryption algorithm based on programmable cellular automata. A fast cryptosystem using reversible cellular automata. Pdf we propose a new encryption algorithm relying on reversible cellular automata ca. Block cipher based on reversible cellular automata was. Cryptography reversible cellular automata block ciphers marcin seredynski. Abstract this paper presents the design of a private key algorithm based on 2dimensional cellular automata. Dec 01, 2014 a specific construction of block ciphers using secondorder reversible cellular automata is developed, permitting to provide a flexible and dynamic ciphering structure that can be used to define a large space of possible candidates, and to explore it using the genetic algorithms operators in order to find an optimal instance of the proposed.
A cryptosystem based on the composition of reversible. Encryption system using reversible cellular automata. Introducing the tweak permit to avoid necessity of standard cipher. The communication of private information is very dangerous, since unauthorized entities can intercept it. In this paper, we present a novel cryptosystem based on reversible secondorder cellular automata. Although such automata do not strictly satisfy the definition given. Cellular automata based sboxes luca mariot1, stjepan picek2, alberto leporati1. Block cipher based on reversible cellular automata article pdf available in new generation computing 233. The cryptosystem is featured by its large key space and high speed due to cellular automata s. Fast encryption of rgb color digital images using a. Cellular automata can simulate a variety of realworld systems, including biological and chemical. Public cipher based on cellular automata was first proposed by guan, stream cellular automata stream cipher was proposed by wolfram. A rudimentary idea of this work, without taking into account the proper key scheduling and security analysis, has been presented in 26.
Cellular automaton cellular automaton encryption algorithm block cipher stream cipher these keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. Abstract the paper presents a new encryption algorithm based on one dimensional, uniform and reversible cellular automata ca. Pdf block encryption using reversible cellular automata. A genetic strategy to design cellular automata based block.
On the design of stream ciphers with cellular automata. Introduction cryptography, often called encryption, is the practice of creating and using a cryptosystem or cipher to prevent all but the intended recipients from. A lightweight feistel block cipher using cellular automata. The quality of encryption depends en the type of ruler used, and randomness of the numbers used in the process of. A new reverse iterative block encryption scheme using layered cellular automata with tshaped neighborhood is proposed in this paper. Implementation of aes using reversible cellularautomata.
As a matter of fact, ca based block ciphers have also been proposed in the literature see for example gutowitz 8, thus it. A new block cipher system using cellular automata and ant. A parallel blockbased encryption schema for digital images using reversible cellular automata faraoun kamel mohamed computer sciences department, djilalli liabbes university, sidi bel abbes, algeria article info article history. Many cellular automaton block ciphers have been proposed using reversible cellular automatons, but with a specific operation mode designed to handle block encryption enchainment since standardized operation modes have not been yet used with cas based cryptosystems. Existing ca based approaches are almost all sequential and as a result, the. Cellular automata based on block cipher and road traffic model. Citeseerx document details isaac councill, lee giles, pradeep teregowda. A cellular automata ca is a computing model of complex system using simple rule. Each cell is a finite state machine c 0,1, f where, f is a mapping f. Introduction cryptography, often called encryption, is the practice of creating and using a cryptosystem or cipher to prevent all but the intended recipients from reading or using the information or application encrypted. In this paper and another papers 4, 5 application of cellular automata results in high security, low computational complexity and large key space. A parallel encryption algorithm for block ciphers based on reversible programmable cellular automata full text.